Sal fat is greenish brown. It has a typical odour. Its fatty acid composition shows C16 (4%), C18 (47%), C18:1 (44%), C18:2 (0.5%) and C20 (2.8%). These values are mean values of some samples. The presence of small amounts of the C20 acid, however does not affect the performance of the sal fat fractions as cocoa butter substitute. A two stage acetone fractionation process gives a sal mid-fraction (45% yield) that is suitable for use in preparing cocoa butter substitute. It can be concluded that Sal fat, largely free from oxidized fatty acid glycerides contains about 69 per cent symmetrical triglycerides. Fats like illipe, kokum, shea
contain substantial proportion of symmetrical triglycerides and hence are valued as confectionery fats.
SAL FAT as component of Cocoa Butter Equivalent : Cocoa butter has a unique chemical and physical properties which endow chocolates with special aesthetic and universally eating qualities. The important attributes like remaining hard and brittle at 30 Deg.C and yet melting fully and completely at 35 Deg.C, the rapid transformation to most stable polymorphic form which helps in tempering, demoulding, and hardening of bars are due to the unique chemical composition comprising about 80 per cent symmetrical triglycerides that is POP, POSt and StOSt.
Sal oil has been used for centuries as a cooking oil substitute. Sal seeds possess a fat content of 12% to 14%. The fat is extracted in a Solvent Extraction Plant in the presence of hexane. The extracted Sal oil is refined using conventional refining methods. Marked by a greenish-brown tinge and a pungent odour, Sal fat has a fatty acid composition of palmitic acid (4%), Stearic acid (47%), Oleic acid (44%), Linoleic acid (0.5%) and Archidic acid (2.8%). Sal fat has come up as a major constituent of confectionery items. Neutralized and Bleached Sal fat (NB SAL FAT) is mainly used as a component for filling. Sal Fat is also used as an alternative to Cocoa Butter as Cocoa Butter Equivalent (CBE) and Cocoa Butter Replacer (CBR). Sal fat is also used as a substitute for Cocoa Butter as Cocoa Butter Substitute (CBS) in confectionery. Apart from its uses in confectionery, Sal Fat is also used as a fat substitute for soap making, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and medicines. Processed Sal fat is used in products such as waxes, polishes, cosmetics, paper coatings and multipurpose greases.
Sal Fat as component of Cocoa Butter Equivalent
Cocoa Butter Equivalent (CBE) has been used as an ingredient in preparing chocolates for a long time as it provides all the qualities that are required for preparation of chocolate. Sal Fat is an important component of CBE. Cocoa butter has unique chemical and physical properties which provide chocolates with special qualities like maintaining hardness and staying brittle at 30oC and melting completely at 35oC. Such a unique and rapid transformation is due to the unique chemical composition comprising about 80 per cent symmetrical triglycerides like POP, POS and SOS. Sal Fat manifests in itself all these properties and is thus an ideal ingredient of CBE.
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